Meanwhile, the colonial caste system hierarchy and taxation system during the Spanish Colonial Times dictated that those of mixed descent were known as " Mestizo/s" ( m) / " Mestiza/s" ( f), specifically those of mixed Spanish and native Filipino descent were known as " Mestizo/s de Español" ( Spanish Mestizos), whereas those of mixed Chinese and native Filipino descent were known as " Mestizo/s de Sangley" ( Chinese Mestizos), and the mix of all of the above or a mix of Spanish and Chinese were known as " Tornatrás". ĭuring the Spanish colonial period, Spaniards from Spain and Hispanic America mainly referred to Spaniards born in the Philippines (Spanish Filipinos) in Spanish: " Filipino/s" (m) or " Filipina/s" (f) in relation to those born in Hispanic America called in Spanish: " Americano/s" (m) / " Americana/s" (f) or " Criollo/s", whereas the Spaniards born in the Philippines themselves called the Spaniards from Spain as " Peninsular/es" with themselves also referred to as " Insular/es". The name Filipino, as a demonym, was derived from the term Las Islas Filipinas ("the Philippine Islands"), the name given to the archipelago in 1543 by the Spanish explorer and Dominican priest Ruy López de Villalobos, in honor of Philip II of Spain (Spanish: Felipe II). Primarily Filipino, English, Spanish and other languages of the Philippines